Insulating shield



Jan. 31, 1956 C. B. BALIS INSULATING SHIELD Filed July 23, 1953INVENTOR.

Czarzes fi 34/29.

Unit a Paar o INSULATING SHIELD Charles B. Balis, Birmingham, Mich.,assignor to Frank D. Saylor & Son, a partnership Application July 23,1953, Serial No. 369,855 4 Claims. (Cl. 154-45) This invention relatesto insulating shields and, particularly, to an insulating shield capableof withstanding very high temperatures over long periods of operation.

The present invention provides an insulating shield which is adapted foruse on surfaces which may be heated in the order of 1000 F. and whichcomprises a plurality of layers of contiguously disposed hollow,flexible, ropes or tubes which are woven from fibres of a highheat-resistant material, preferably from pure glass fibres. The fibresare first woven as tightly as possible into the form of a hollow rope ortube which is then spirally wound and woven to fashion a tubularinsulating shield having a multitude of dead air spaces which providethe shield with excellent insulating characteristics. That is, theshield is woven with the hollow rope or tube forming the weft and fibrethreads constituting the warp interwoven with the weft. For someinsulating purposes, where lower temperatures are involved, a shieldhaving only one layer of the hollow, spiral wound rope constructionwould be suitable. However, for high temperature insulating purposes ashield having more than one layer may be used. A second layer,substantially identical to the first layer, may be formed on the base orfirst layer by winding a second hollow rope tightly around the firstlayer, to form a double layer tubular insulating shield. The ends of thedouble layer tubular shield may be sealed by suitable means such ascoating them with water glass. The sealing of the ends prevents frayingand provides the shield ends with suflicient rigidity to permit them tobe easily cut and shaped. The hollow rope construction of the spiratwound layers of the insulating shield, provides a plurality of dead airspaces which give the shield excellent insulating characteristics. Themost preferable high heatresistant material, adaptable to be woven andcapable of withstanding very high temperatures, is pure fibre glasswhich has not been treated with any oil or other foreign matter andwhich has a melting point of approximately 2000 F. In the illustrativeembodiment, an insulating shield embodying the features of the inventionis shown as applied to a pipe, but it will be understood that theinsulating shield is adaptable for application to other shaped articlesand for many other purposes.

The main objects of the invention are: to provide an insulating shieldwhich will not burn or deteriorate when used on surfaces which areheated to a temperature in the order of 1000 F.; to provide aninsulating shield woven from a fibrous high heat-resistant material suchas pure fibre glass and which is adapted for use on objects having highsurface temperatures which are beyond the insulating limits of theordinary available insulating materials; to provide an insulating shieldcomposed of a plurality of layers of spirally wound hollow ropes whichhave been woven from a high heat-resistant material and which providethe shield with a plurality of dead air spaces having excellentinsulating characteristics; to provide an insulating shield which may beused on surfaces heated to a very high temperature and which is flexibleand may be adapted to conform to any desirable shape; to provide a.formed directly on the surface to be insulated; to provide aninsulating shield which is simple and compact in construction andeconomical to manufacture.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a single layer insulating shield madein accordance with the principles of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a broken, elevational view of a double layer insulating shieldembodying the features of'the invention and shown as applied on a pipe;and I Fig. 3 isa sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2,taken along the line 3-3 thereof. I

Referring now to the drawing, the numeral 10 designates a tubularinsulating shield made in accordance with the principles of theinvention and mounted on a pipe 12. The pipe 12 may be a heater tube,such as employed in amilitary tank engine heater, which may attain atemperature of 1000" F. or more when in use. Such heater tubes must beefficiently insulated to protect the tank personnel from excessive heat,and prior to this invention no suitable insulating shield has beenavailable. The insulating shield 10 includes an inner layer 14 composedof a plurality of contiguously disposed hollow rope loops or coils 16which are formed by spirally winding about the pipe 12 a flexible,hollow rope or cord which has been woven from the fibres of a highheat-resistant material, preferably from pure glass fibres. Thecontiguously disposed hollow rope coils 16 are woven tightly together bya plurality of longitudinally disposed threads 18 which are of the samehigh heat-resistant material as the member 16. An outer layer 20 isdisposed around the inner layer 14 and is composed of a plurality ofcontiguously disposed hollow rope loops or coils 22 which are formed byspirally winding about the inner layer 14 a second flexible, hollow highheat-resistant rope. The contiguously disposed hollow rope coils 22 arewoven tightly together by a plurality of longitudinally disposed threads24 which are also made from the same high heat-resistant material as themembers 22.

As is best seen in Fig. 2, the hollow rope coils 16 and 22 of the innerand outer layers 14 and 20, respectively, provide the shield with aplurality of staggered dead air spaces 26 which give the shieldexcellent insulating characteristics. It will be seen, that by weavingthe hollow rope coils 16 and 22 together as tightly as possible, bymeans of the threads 18 and 24, an excellent air-tight hightemperatureinsulating shield is provided which includes two layers of dead airspaces 26, as well as a plurality of smaller dead air spaces 27 whichare formed between the abutting tubular layers 14 and 20. The ends ofthe insulating shield 10 are coated with water glass up to the lines 28and 30, respectively, to seal the ends of the insulating shield and makethem air tight. The application of the water glass to the ends of theshield also serves to prevent fraying and to make such coated portionsrigid enough to be cut and shaped as at 32, to adapt such ends forinterconnection with other matching parts. The outside of the insulatingshield 10 may be flame treated to minimize protrusion of the ends of theglass fibres.

It will be understood that an insulating shield embodying the featuresof the invention may be fabricated directly on the article to beinsulated or it may be prefabricated on a template or model andassembled afterwards on the article to be insulated. It will be obviousthat although a tubular shaped insulating shield was employed toillustrate the invention, the principles of the invention can be appliedto make insulating shields of any other desirable shape, such as a fiatshield which could be easily made by disposing a plurality of the hollowhigh heat-resistant 3 fibre-ropes in a contiguous coplanar arrangemntand seduring memregeihrwaa tlii'eads of the same material.

While it will--be-apparent that the preferred embodiment of theinvention herein disclosed is well calculated to fulfill the objectsabove stated, it will be appreciated that the invention "is susceptibleto modification, variation and change without departing. from the properscope or" fair 'meaning of the subjoin'ed claims.

What is claimedis "l. insulating'shield for use on surfaces adapted tobe heatedto a temperature of 1000 F., said shieldco'rn- "prising aplurality of'cofitiguouslyfiispo'sed coils of a'hollow, tightly wovenpure glass fiber rope, pure"glass fiber "means interwovenwithandsecuringsa'id plurality of contiguously disposed" coils in close contactwith each other, and, an inorganic coating on theends of said shieldsealing theend' of the rope clos'ed,'said"shield being capableofiiriths'tanding teniperatures=of-1000 F. withoutburning or smoking.

insulating shield for use onsurfaces adapted to be heated to atemperature or 1000 F.,said shield comprising' afirst layerof hollow,rope-like elements which are woven from pure glass fibers, pure glassfiber means interwoven with and holding said rope-like elementstightly-together, a second layer of said pure glass fiberropelike-elements disposed on said first layer, pure glass fiber meansinterwovenwith and holding said second layer of rope-like elementstogether, an inorganic sealing means "sealing the end ofsaid layerstogether, said shield being capable of*withstanding temperatures of 1000F. without" burning or smoking.

'3. A tubular insulating shield for use 'on surfacesa'dapted 'to 'be'heated toa temperature of 1000 F., said shield "including an innercylinder comprising a plurality of con- "tiguouslydisposed spiral loopsof'hollow pure glass fiber rope, a plurality of longitudinally disposedpure glass fito secure the same tightly together, an outer cylinder"sleeved oversaid'infler cylinderand comprisingaplurality ofcontiguously disposed spiral loops of hollow pure glass fiber rope whichare laterally ofiset from the spiral loops of the inner cylinder to forma staggered relationship with a plurality of dead air spacestherebetween, a plurality of longitudinally disposed pure glass fibersinterwoven with the spiral loops of the outer cylinder to secure thesame tightly together, the adjoining ends of said cylinder being sealedtogether with water glass, said shield being capableofwithstandingtemperatures of 1000 F. without burning or smoking.

4. An insulating shield for use onsurfaces adapted to be heated to atemperature of 1000" F., said shield comprising a plurality ofcontiguously disposed coils of a hollow, tightly woven pure glass fiberrope, and pure glass fiber threads interwoven with said contiguouslydisposed walls-and extendinglongitudinally thereof to form a tubularshaped insulating shield'having a plurality of dead 'airspaces' therein,said' shield being capable of withstanding temperatures ofl000'F.without burning or smoking.

References Cit'ed in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS682,434 Sullivan Sept. 10, 1901 2,315,837 Brown et al. ....a Apr. 6,1943 2,381,003 Ryan Aug. 7, 1945 2,397,568 Seaman Apr. 2, 1946 2,445,624McDermott et al. July 20, 1948 2,584,702 Hogendobler Feb. 5, 1952FOREIGN PATENTS 337,072 France c Mar. 28, 1904 34,932 Switzerland Nov.30, 1905

1. AN INSULATING SHIELD FOR USE ON SURFACES ADAPTED TO BE HEATED TO ATEMPERATURE OF 1000* F., SAID SHIELD COMPRISING A PLURALITY OFCONTINGUOUSLY DISPOSED COILS OF A HOLLOW, TIGHTLY WOVEN PURE GLASS FIBERROPE, PURE GLASS FIBER MEANS INTERWOVEN WITH AND SECURING SAID PLURALITYOF CONTIGUOUSLY DISPOSED COILS IN CLOSE CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER, AND ANINORGANIC COATING ON THE ENDS OF SAID SHIELD SEALING THE END OF THE ROPECLOSED, SAID SHIELD BEING CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING TEMPERATURES FO 1000*F. WITHOUT BURNING OR SMOKING.